How do I know it is bed bugs and not something else?
By physical evidence rather than bites. Look for live insects in mattress seams and bed frame joints, cast skins, dark spotting on the mattress edge or headboard, and eggs in crevices. Bites alone are unreliable, because reactions differ widely and other insects bite indoors.
If you find something, catch it. A specimen in a sealed bag or a sharp close photograph settles in a minute what a week of guessing will not. Fleas, which are usually associated with a pet and bite around the ankles, are a common alternative explanation and are handled on the flea control page.
Check the places people sit still as well as where they sleep. A recliner or sofa used for napping is a classic harborage, and a bedroom-only inspection can miss it entirely.
What preparation do I need to do before treatment?
Launder bedding and clothing from the affected rooms on the hottest setting the fabric allows and dry it hot, bag and seal what cannot be washed, clear clutter from floors and under beds, and leave furniture where it is. Do not move mattresses or belongings into other rooms.
That last point is the one people get wrong. Dragging a mattress to the lounge, or moving clothes into a spare bedroom, spreads the infestation into rooms that were clear and turns a contained job into a whole-home one.
Do not throw out a mattress before the visit either, unless you are told to. It has to be moved through the building to get it out, which spreads insects along the way, and a treated and encased mattress is usually fine.
- Wash and hot-dry bedding, curtains and clothing from the affected rooms
- Bag and seal anything that cannot be laundered, and keep the bags closed
- Clear the floor and the space under the bed so treatment can reach it
- Leave mattresses, beds and furniture in the room they are in
- Do not sleep in another room, as that just moves the infestation
- Tell the technician about every room anyone has slept or napped in
Why does treatment need more than one visit?
Because eggs survive the first treatment and hatch afterwards. A programme of two or three visits spaced out over following weeks is normal, and the dates should be set at the first appointment. A single visit with no planned follow-up is the most common reason bed bugs come back.
Between visits, carry on sleeping in the same bed. It sounds counter-intuitive, but moving out of the room removes the thing the insects come out for and makes them harder to reach, while spreading them to wherever you have moved to.
Keep the monitors and the encasements in place after the final visit. They are a cheap early-warning system in a building where the problem could return from another unit.
I rent. Who is responsible for treatment?
This page makes no claim about landlord duties, because a 2022 Maryland bill described as assigning them to landlords could not be confirmed as enacted in that form. In practice: report it to the owner or management in writing immediately, keep copies, and ask what the lease says.
What is established is the county's housing enforcement framework. The Department of Housing and Community Affairs enforces Chapter 26 housing maintenance standards through Housing Code Enforcement, and tenants are directed to MC311 for pest complaints.
Our guide for apartment pests and Montgomery County tenants sets out the order to do things in. Report first, in writing, before anyone treats, so there is a dated record of when the problem was raised.
What moves the price of bed bug treatment?
The number of rooms and units involved, the amount of furniture and clutter, how far the infestation has spread, whether a conventional or heat-based approach is used, how many follow-up visits the plan needs, and how much preparation is done beforehand. The price is confirmed on site.
Spread is the main factor. One bedroom caught early is a contained job. A home where someone has been sleeping in a different room each week has several harborages, and in a shared building the neighbouring units may need to be part of it.
No dollar figures appear anywhere on this site, because no sourced local figure exists. Ask for the number of planned visits in writing: that is the real difference between two quotes that look similar.